Many laboratory protocols require the serial dilution of reagents or compounds. IC50 assays, commonly used to evaluate drug efficacy, and assay development procedures, as well as standard-curve ...

Errors in technical work rarely happen because teams lack expertise. More often, mistakes occur due to unclear instructions, outdated files, or inconsistent documentation. As products, systems, and ...

Through multi-source information fusion, cross-scale modeling, cyber–physical collaboration, and closed-loop control, multi-source errors in machine tools can be identified, modeled, traceably ...