In the investment world, it’s common to discuss average rates of return. It’s not sufficient, however, to simply add up historical returns and divide by how many there are. The proper way to calculate ...

The simple definition of a mean is that of a numeric quantity which represents the center of a collection of numbers. Here the trick lies in defining the exact type of numeric collection, as beyond ...

A. M. Fink and Max Jodeit, Jr. It is shown that the arithmetic mean of $x_1 w_1,\ldots, x_n w_n$ exceeds the geometric mean of $x_1,\ldots, x_n$ unless all the $x$'s ...

Even though a single summary index of mortality can never replace the set of age-specific death rates, it has been found to be extremely useful for a wide variety of purposes. Such indexes are ...

Learn what compound interest is, how it’s calculated—from annual rates to continuous compounding—and why it’s powerful for savings (and dangerous for debt).