The Sinc-Galerkin method originally proposed by Stenger is extended to handle fourth-order ordinary differential equations. The exponential convergence rate of the method, $\mathcal{O}(e^{-\kappa\sqrt ...
Fourth-order elliptic equations, often characterised by the inclusion of the biharmonic operator (Δ²), play a pivotal role in the mathematical modelling of complex physical systems. They arise in ...
Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are also called initial value problems because a time zero value for each first-order differential equation is needed. The following is an example of a ...
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