Earth's crust ranges from 5 to 70 kilometers in thickness and serves as the planet's outermost layer. This thin shell represents less than one percent of Earth's total mass, yet it's the only layer we ...

Beneath the American Midwest, on the continent of North America, the underside of Earth's crust is dripping into the planetary interior. There, blobs of molten rock are coalescing in the upper mantle ...

The magnetized rocks of Earth's crust and mantle, also known as the upper lithosphere, accounts for generating 6 percent of ...

The Sierra Nevada range in California is seen from the north. Crustal rocks deep underneath are in the process of foundering, or sinking into the mantle. Credit: Dicklyon/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4 ...

A section of the upper mantle and crust under the Sierra Nevada mountains is peeling away, in a process that may mimic how the continents were formed. When you purchase through links on our site, we ...

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Plate tectonics give rise to Earth's mountain ranges, earthquakes and the long-term movement of continents, and may even have provided the right conditions for life on Earth. But as far as we know, no ...