Teachers need more support to move testing from a “necessary evil” to a classroom tool, experts say. While summative assessments—like unit quizzes or annual state tests—are used for evaluation and ...

Evidence is gathered about student achievement or understanding. The information allows the instructor or learner to alter future instructional steps. It is done to improve learning outcomes (Black & ...

Carol Boston says “Black and Wiliam (1998b) define assessment broadly to include all activities that teachers and students undertake to get information that can be used diagnostically to alter ...

Wai Yee Amy Wong does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...

Report from Robert C. Pianta outlines an evidence-based approach to teacher professional development. We have a problem. Increasing teacher and teaching effectiveness is arguably the paramount ...

As the pandemic impacts standardized assessments and leads to a rise of remote proctors for students taking off-site exams, many have started to question if assessment and grading protocols need to be ...

Scaffolding is an instructional practice where a teacher gradually removes guidance and support as students learn and become more competent. Support can be for content, processes, and learning ...